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Ewenke Ethnic MinorityThe Ewenke ethnic minority has a population of 26,415 that is sparsely distributed in Ewenke Autonomous Banner in Hulumber Alliance in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and in Nahe County in Heilongjiang province. The spoken language of the Ewnke people, which is comptised of three dialects – Hailar, Chenbaerhu and Soluguya, belongs to Manchu – tungusic group of the Altai language family. The Ewenke's language has no written form and Mongolian is spoken in pasturing area while the Han Language is used in farming and mountainous regions. Most Ewenke people believed in Shamanism in the past while those living in the pastoral areas are followers of Lamaism. “Ewenke” is the self-given name meaning “people living in big mountain forest”. They used to be called “suolum”, etc in different periods according to their living districts. In 1957, they were officially named Ewenke based on the will of the people. The ancestor of Ewenke people originally lived in the forests northeast of Lake Baikal and along the Shileke River. They mainly engaged in fishing, hunting and breeding reindeer. Later, they continually moved east, living mixing together with the Mongolians, Dahaners, Hans and Oroqens. The Ewenke are the only ethnic minority in china who raise deer and reindeer plays an essential part in the Ewenke's daily lives. |